Strategies to Mitigate UHI

University of Sussex declared that urban heat island (UHI) will cost around ten percent of local Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to change the decline in living condition caused by the HUI, in addition, urban heat island threaten the economic growth since it causes more energy consumption on refrigeration, low efficiency of work and more serious air pollution. Although urban area only possesses 1% of the earth's surface, cities create more than 80% product of the whole world, and take 78% of global energy consumption, over half of people on earth live in cities. It is necessary to apply practical and useful strategies to mitigate urban heat island.
Green infrastructure mitigates the effect of HUI directly and provides multi-functional answer to urban design. The vegetation could absorb greenhouse gas that causes the global warming, the process of photosynthesis also releases vapors that could cool the urban air. Generally, green space is accompanied by soil that has better capacity of thermal content than concrete, ground material like soil could mitigate HUI by absorbing more thermal energy and having less temperature change.
Public transportation could also mitigate HUI because it could reduce the energy consumption on roads, and produce less greenhouse gas in the process of daily transportation. Meanwhile, it could also reduce the waste heat that is produced by vehicles.  Finally, underground systems could also cool the city. Wind is tunnelled underground and cooled by the earth, which could make the air in cities cooler.